Liste des documents
Comparative investigation of the Ni and the Fe effect on the structure andmechanical response of a WC-W-Ni hardmetal obtained by infiltration
In the present work, and in order to enhance the efficiency of drilling tools for the oil and gas industry, theinfluence and performance of Ni and Fe during spontaneous infiltration on a WC-W-Ni composite materialmechanical behaviour was addressed. Solid-state activity of Fe and Ni during infiltration exhibits partial dissolution in the metallic binder. The chemical affinity between Fe and Ni, provided by the Fe powder and thebinder respectively, derived on the formation of the (Fe, Ni) solid solution and FeNi3 intermetallic precipitates inthe particle/matrix diffusion region, with a hardness (12 GPa) close to that of WC and high elastic modulus (230 GPa). Furthermore, the diffusion of Fe to the matrix leads to the formation of sub-micrometer precipitatesof α-Fe with some (Ni, Mn) in solid solution and of Ni3Sn with a small amount of Cu dissolved, driving to anincrease of about 30% in its elastic modulus, and without appreciable effect in the hardness observed. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Metal matrix composites, Liquid-solid reactions, Precipitation, powder metallurgy, diffusion, mechanical properties
Nitriding effect on structural stability and magnetic properties of FeAl alloys:DFT study
Using the DFT calculations, the phase stability, structural deformation and magnetic momentof Fe-riche FeAl alloys in presence of different percents of nitrogen were calculated. Theformation enthalpy of these Fe-Al alloys indicates that N preferred the octahedral site than thesubstitution one. Significant changes occur in this energy, affected by N and Fe contentcausing local distortions. From 25 at.% N, the phenomenon of saturation appeared and thesubstitution takes place. The addition of 6 at.% N stabilizes Fe 9 Al 7 and Fe 10 Al 6 . The presenceof N atom leading to decrease the total magnetic moment of FeAl nitride when the magneticorder is antiferromagnetic between N and Fe atom. This magnetic moment increased by theferromagnetic coupling between Fe and N, thus increasing the Fe local magnetic moment andthe magneto-volume effect. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Nitriding, Magnetic Properties, Structural Stability., FeAl Alloys, DFT
Structural, Electronic and Mechanical Properties of C14-Mg 2 RE(RE=Eu, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) Laves Phases: A DFT Study
The Pseudo-Potential Density Functional Theory (PP-DFT) method is applied to investigatethe structural, electronic and mechanical properties of C14-Mg 2 RE Laves phases, with RE being Eu,Er, Tm, Yb and Lu. The predicted cell parameter and c/a ratio of each compound are in good agreement with experimental and theoretical results. Moreover, the studied alloys exhibit a metalliccharacter, which is attributed to the presence of Mg atoms in the C14 Laves phase. Also, theformation of C14-Mg 2 RE is found to be controlled by the hybridisation between Mg p states and RE-d and f states. From a mechanical property analysis, the studied alloys are found to be mechanicallystable. The Mg 2 Lu compound exhibits higher ductility, while Mg 2 Er exhibits the smallest one.Finally, Mg 2 Yb is found to be more anisotropic than other phases. Voir les détails
Mots clés : A DFT calculations, B Magnesium based Laves phases, C Density Functional Theory (DFT), D Mechanical properties, E Electronic properties
Effect of solution treatment on the microstructure, micromechanical properties, and kinetic parameters of the β → α phase transformation during continuous cooling of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of solution treatment temperature (STT) on the microstructure, the micromechanical properties, and the kinetic parameters of the β → α phase transformation during continuous cooling of the dual phase titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Increasing the STT from 1050 °C to 1200 °C delays the formation of the α phase during cooling and increases the value of its activation energy. The microstructural analysis reveals the emergence of αW platelets from protuberances on the αGB / αW interface. The investigation of the morphology of the αW platelets reveals the presence of ledges on their longest side showing a sharp extremity. The micromechanical properties determined by nanoindentation and microhardness tests are almost insensitive to the cooling rate but are strongly affected by the STT; the higher the STT, the lower the overall microhardness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. In addition, the STT affects the microhardness and the Young’s modulus of both α and β phases differently; when the STT increases, the microhardness and the Young’s modulus of the α phase decrease whereas those of the β phase increase. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Ti-6Al-4V, solution treatment, ledge mechanism, interface instability, Nanoindentation, partitioning
Isothermal and non-isothermal precipitation kinetics in Al–Mg–Si-(Ag) alloy
In the present work, isothermal and non-isothermal precipitation kinetics in a 6063 aluminium alloy containing a small silver (Ag) addition have been investigated using Vickers microhardness and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements respectively. Isothermal kinetics analysis showed that β'' phase precipitation obeyed the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) model. The DSC analysis revealed that Ag addition modified the precipitation sequence in the investigated 6063 aluminium alloy through the formation of an additional metastable pre-β'' phase. An approach based on the additivity concept has been applied to the heating DSC diagrams to investigate the β'' phase precipitation. The obtained Avrami exponent values from this approach led to suggest that the β'' phase precipitation proceeded through two processes during continuous heating. The Avrami exponent value obtained at the final stage of the transformation was consistent with that obtained from the isothermal analysis, whereas the corresponding activation energy was higher than the one calculated from the isothermal analysis and Kissinger's method. It was also established that the precipitation kinetics of the β'' phase was enhanced by the formation of the precursor phase pre-β''. Voir les détails
Mots clés : 6063 aluminium alloy, Ag addition, Precipitation kinetics, JMA model, Additivity concept
Numerical study of parameters affecting pressure drop of power-law fluid in horizontal annulus for laminar and turbulent flow
Efficient hydraulics program of oil and gas wells has a crucial role for the optimization of drilling process. In the presentpaper, a numerical study of power-law fluid flow through concentric (E = 0.0) and eccentric annulus (E = 0.3, E = 0.6 andE = 0.9) was performed for both laminar and turbulent flow regimes utilizing a finite volume method. The effects of innerpipe rotation, flow behavior index and diameter ratio on the pressure drop were studied; furthermore, the appearance anddevelopment of secondary flow as well as its impact on the pressure drop gradient were evaluated. Results indicated thatthe increment of the inner pipe rotation from 0 to 400 rpm is found to decrease pressure drop gradient for laminar flow inconcentric annulus while a negligible effect is observed for turbulent flow. The beginning of secondary flow formation in thewide region part of the eccentric annulus (E = 0.6) induces an increase of 9% and a slight increase in pressure drop gradientfor laminar and turbulent flow, respectively. On the other hand, the variation of the flow behavior index and diameter ratiofrom low to high values caused a dramatic increase in the pressure drop. Streamlines in the annulus showed that the secondary flow is mainly induced by eccentricity of the inner pipe where both high values of diameter ratio and low values of flowbehavior index tend to prevent the secondary flow to appear. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) · Power-law fluid · Pressure drop · Secondary flow
CFD method for analysis of the effect of drill pipe orbital motion speed and eccentricity on the velocity profiles and pressure drop of drilling fluid in laminar regime
Due to the axial and lateral loads applied to the drill pipe during the drilling process, this last may loseits stability and begins to make complicated motions like the orbital one. In the present paper, thisorbital motion of the drill pipe is modelled using CFD method to investigate its effect on the axial andtangential velocity profiles in the wide and narrow regions of the eccentric annulus (E=0.2, E=0.4,E=0.6 and E=0.8), as well as, effect of the orbital motion speed on pressure drop gradient of drillingfluid is studied. Our results show that increment of the orbital motion speed from 100 to 400 rpmcauses an increase of 913% of the maximum axial velocity, however, this increment is estimated atabout 100% in the case where the drill pipe makes pure rotation for the eccentric annulus (E=0.8),Moreover, orbital motion of the inner pipe prevents the secondary flow to appear in the wide region ofeccentric annulus. For all eccentricities, the tangential velocity of the orbital motion case in the narrowregion for 400 rpm speed is 120% higher than pure rotation one Voir les détails
Mots clés : Orbital motion, eccentricity, velocity profiles, pressure drop, drilling fluid, laminar flow
SnS THIN FILMS DEPOSITION BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS: SOLVENT INFLUENCE
Tin monosulfide (SnS) films are a new generation of absorber layers for thin ?lm heterojunction solar cell. The goal of the present study is the investigation of the role of the solvent on SnS thin films properties. Films were synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. The used solution is a mixture of SnCl2.2H2O and thiourea (SC(NH2)2 precursors prepared with two different solvents: methanol and distilled water. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the SnS orthorhombic polycrystalline phase in different films. Using methanol as solvent leads to Sn2S3 secondary phase formation. While, film prepared with distilled water contains SnS2 as secondary phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations reveal that films deposited with the methanol are rough with the presence of craters bubbles on the surface due to gas exo-diffusion during film growth. However, the film deposited with distilled water has a smooth, uniform, homogeneous and pinholes free surface. The electrical measurements reveal that films are p-type semiconductors, the dark conductivity increases from 3.07×10-4 (W.cm)-1 in film prepared with methanol to 5.15×10-3 (W.cm)-1 when using distilled water. We inferred that using distilled water leads to films with better quality than methanol as solvent. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Tin monosulfide, Spray pyrolysis, Thin films, solar cells
Thermo-physico-chemical and statistical mechanical properties of Washingtonian filifera new lignocellulosic fiber. Engineering Solid Mechanics
In this work, novel cellulosic fibers are extracted from Washingtonia Filifera (WF) plant using an environment-friendly technique. Morphological, Physico-chemical, thermal and mechanical properties are reported in this paper. Micro graphical SEM shows the presence of cells in the fiber.FTIR and XRD experimental analyzes show a cristinality index of 48.88%, and the WF fibers are found to be thermally stable until 201°C by using TGA and DTG thermographic analyzes with an appropriate activation energy of 72.46 kJ/mol, where Young modulus and tensile strength of strain were determined using tensile tests of single fiber at 2.17 GPa, 134 MPa and 26.55%, respectively. Mechanical properties are analyzed using a statistical method. Voir les détails
Mots clés : WF fibers, mechanical properties, FTIR, XRD, TGA, Statistical methods
Droplet Breakup Regime in a Cross-Junction Device with Lateral Obstacles
Numerical simulation using Ansys Fluent code is performed, to investigate droplet generation in cross-junction based VOF method. Droplets of water are generated by the shear stress applied by continuous phase (oil), two configurations of cross-junction are suggested; the first is a simple model no modification is performed at the outer channel, while the second model is characterized by a lateral obstacle. we study the effect of velocity ratio, viscous parameter, interfacial tension, flow condition on droplet size and frequency, the effect of lateral obstacles on droplets generation is also focused and analysed. The numerical simulations showed that the velocity ratio and interfacial tension play a significant role in determining the droplet breakup and non-breakup. On the other side, the increase of flow rate ratio can be effectively used to decrease the droplet size. In addition, droplets produced in cross-junction with lateral obstacles are generally found to be larger than that produced with the first model. Moreover, the frequency of droplet production was increasing by increasing of flow rate ratio. The numerical results show very good agreements with previous numerical and experimental works for the growth of droplet breakup, size and frequency. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Water droplet, cross-junction, CFD, VOF, microchannel.