Liste des communications
EFFECT OF filler METAL types ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF HSLA-X70/304L SS DISSIMILAR WELDS
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect filler metal types on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar welds between HSLA-X70 high strength steel alloy and 304L austenitic stainless steel produced by automatic tungsten arc welding (TIG). The weld joints were prepared using E304L, E316L, E2209L, and E7010 filler metal. The mechanical characteristics obtained from hardness, tensile and impact testing, were correlated to the optical and SEM microscopy, to establish a relationship between filler metal composition and the microstructures in different weld regions. It is concluded that E2209 filler metal lead to improve in the resilience characteristics and tenacity with a slight reduction in the ultimate tensile strength and hardness. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Dissimilar weld, HSLA-X70, 304L, microstructure, Mechanical property
KINETIC DAMAGE ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION
Fiber reinforced composite materials have been increasingly used as structural material in airplanes, because of their high specific stiffness and strength. Structural design and non destructive test techniques have evolved as increased emphasis has been placed on the durability and damage tolerance of these materials. This work presents the results of the damage kinetic of carbon fiber reinforced polymer using the acoustic emission under solicitations. The correlations between acoustic emission parameters and damage mechanism are identified, and then confirmed by microscopic observations. This review will emphasize the roles that AE can play as a tool for the composite materials, damage mechanisms, and characterization of damage evolution with increasing time or stress, the localization and origin of damage, quantification of crack size based on energy release from concrete structures in the field and reduction in the numbers of test specimens required in various studies. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Composite material, damage, Correlation, mechanism, localization
Characterization of toughened Poly (lactic acid) PLA/ Polycaprolactone (PCL) with bio-plasticizers (TEC and PEG3)
Triethyl citrate (TEC) and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG3) were used as plasticizer for Polylactic acid (PLA)/ polycaprolactone (80PLA/20PCL) blends. The treated and plasticized 80PLA/20PCL blends at various concentrations of plasticizers were analyzed were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the crystallinity and thermal property of all the samples. It was found that the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the melting temperature (Tm) decreased as the amount of plasticizers increased. Additionally, the presence of TEC or PEG3 tended to increase the crystallinity of PLA. DMA of plasticized PLA indicates that a decrease in Tg is obtained with increasing plasticizer content, Plasticizing effect was also shown by decrease in the dynamic storage modulus and viscosity of plasticized mixtures compared to the treated 80PLA/20PCL blends. The TGA results indicated that PEG3 and TEC promoted a decrease in thermal stability of the 80PLA/20PCL. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Poly lactic acid (PLA), Polycaprolactone (PCL), Plasticizers vegetable, Biodegradable
METALLURGICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF S295 STEEL TUBES IN STEEL COOLING CIRCUITS
Corrosion damage to industrial cooling systems in steel mills is a serious problem for industry and the environment. In order to reduce this phenomenon by the subsequent development of organic-based corrosion inhibitors, a preliminary identification study of the base material and the surrounding environment of the cooling circuits is essential. To monitor the electrochemical behavior of unalloyed steel tubes, we studied the influence of the "industrial cooling water" environment and the most influential physical parameters. This behavior of S295 grade steel will be determined by different stationary and non-stationary electrochemical methods, notably electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. These investigations enabled us on the one hand the metallurgical knowledge of the base material, the nature of the corrosive medium, and on the other hand the evaluation of the potentials and the corrosion rates and to define the different reactions at the metal interface. middle. In conclusion, the tubes studied in unalloyed steel have a low resistance to corrosion under the effect of the aggressiveness of the surrounding environment (Figure 1) in this case industrial cooling water hence the need to introduce corrosion inhibitors in cooling circuits. In our case, we will focus on natural organic inhibitors that ensure an economic and environmental balance. Figure.1: Stationary and frequential electrochemical curves of the material / medium interaction Voir les détails
Mots clés : steel, corrosion, behavior, cooling water, impedance, Temperature
Synthesis and characterization of nickel nanoparticles supported on aluminum oxide
Due to their peculiar qualities, metal-based nanostructures have been extensively used in applications such as catalysis, electronics, photography, and information storage, among others. New applications for metals in areas such as photonics, sensing, imaging, and medicine are also being developed. Significantly, most of these applications require the use of metals in the form of nanostructures with specific controlled properties. The properties of nanoscale metals are determined by a set of physical parameters that include size, shape, composition, and structure. In recent years, many research fields have focused on the synthesis of nanoscale-sized metallic materials with complex shape and composition in order to optimize the optical and electrical response of devices containing metallic nanostructures. In This work, we study nickel nanoparticles supported on aluminum oxide, prepared by impregnation with ionic exchange. In a first stage, the fixing conditions of the nickel precursor on aluminum oxide are optimized. In the second stage, the samples are calcined at temperature (T= 750 °C). Several experimental techniques are used for the characterization of the samples at the various stages of their elaboration (SEM, DRX, and VSM). A change of morphology of the aluminum oxide grains was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope. The X-rays diffraction shows the formations of nanoparticles Al3Ni2 of near size 16.7 nm. The extracted magnetic measurements show the good and the easy magnetization Voir les détails
Mots clés : nanostructures, Ionic exchange, Nickel nanoparticles, calcination
Effet de l'épaisseur du film mince de CZTS sur les propriétés physiques et électrique. Obtenus par immersion pour l'application de cellules solaires
L'influence de l'épaisseur des couches minces de Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) cristallin revêtu sur ses propriétés a été étudiée, allant de 350 à 800 nm. Les échantillons obtenus ont été préparés par la méthode Sol-gel et ont été étudiés par plusieurs techniques telles que la diffraction des rayons X (DRX), la spectroscopie UV-vis et la méthode de mesure à deux sondes. Confirmés par l’analyse DRX qui révèle la formation d'une phase tétragonale de kestérite avec une orientation préférentielle dans la direction (112). L'analyse optique révèle que les couches ont un coefficient d'absorption relativement élevé dans le spectre visible avec une réduction de la bande interdite de 1,94 à 1,53 eV avec l'augmentation de l'épaisseur qui est assez proche de la valeur optimale pour une cellule solaire. L'analyse électrique montre une diminution de la résistivité de (1.6117.10-1 Ω.cm) à (0.4282.10-1 Ω.cm), conduit à une optimisation de la conductivité électrique des couches avec l'augmentation de l'épaisseur.CZTS, Sol-gel, couche mince, cellule solaire, épaisseur. Voir les détails
Mots clés : CZTS, sol-gel, couche mince, Cellule solaire, épaisseur
Comportement à l'usure des boulets de broyage moulés et forgés Caractérisation et comparaison
Les secteurs miniers sidérurgiques et cimentiers utilisent de grandes installations pour préparer la matière première et la rendre aussi fine que possible pour répondre à des exigences de process bien définies. Généralement deux types de boulets sont utilisés, les boulets de fonderie et les boulets forgés. Les boulets de fonderie sont en fonte au chrome par contre les boulets forgés sont en acier. Ces derniers sont fournis en différentes granulométrie et composition chimique. En cours de broyage, les boulets subissent des sollicitations différentes qui se résument en un impact une abrasion une friction ainsi que d’autres types d’usure. La tenue à l’usure de ces deux types de boulets est différente du fait qu’ils ne présentent pas le même type de microstructure. Les boulets en fonte au chrome sont constitués d’une microstructure mixte composée d’un réseau de carbure contenu dans une matrice à prédominance martensitique par contre les boulets en acier, la phase carbure existe en proportion très minime. La microstructure est constituée d’un mélange de martensite et bainite.Dans ce travail, nous présentons une étude comparative sur le comportement à l’usure les boulets en fonte au chrome et les boulets en acier forgé. Des caractérisations chimique, métallographique et microstructurales par DRX sont effectuées pour définir la composition chimique, le type de microstructure, la nature et la proportion des phases microstructurales existantes. Des mesures de dureté et des essais d’abrasion et de frottement sont aussi réalisés afin d’évaluer le comportement à l’usure des deux matériaux étudiés. Les résultats obtenus révèlent une large différence du point de vue composition chimique et composants microstructuraux. Les essais d’usure ont montré que les boulets en fonte au chrome et les boulets en acier forgé manifestent un comportement à l’usure qui diffère selon le type d’usure subit. Les boulets en fonte au chrome résistent mieux au frottement par contre les boulets forgés ont une meilleure résistance à l’abrasion. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Boulets moulés;, boulets forgés;, microstructure;, usure;
Asymmetric Generalized Gaussian Distribution Parameters Estimation based on Maximum Likelihood, Moments and Entropy
In this paper, we address the problem of estimating the parameters of Asymmetric Generalized Gaussian Distribution (AGGD) using three estimation methods, namely, Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), Moment Matching Estimation (MME) and Entropy Matching Estimation (EME). For this purpose, these methods are applied on an unimodal histogram fitting of an image corrupted with AGGD noise. Experiments show that the effectiveness of each method comparatively to the other one depends on the variation range of the shape factor. Voir les détails
Mots clés : Asymmetric generalized Gaussian distribution, Parameter estimation, maximum likelihood, Moments, Entropy
VISCOELASTIC EFFECTS IN ELASTIC MODULUS MEASUREMENT USING DEPTH-SENSING INDENTATION
The nanoindentation test is used to determine the viscoelastic parameters of a thermoplastic polymer at ambient temperature. The aim of the study is to obtain a mean representative value taking into account the influence of the viscosity on the elastic modulus of the poypropylene. For that, Berkovich indenter has been chosen and applied load equal to 100mN. We used poypropylene as a prototype of viscoplastic material, having a creep more important than the others thermoplastic polymers. It was found that, during nanoindentation, the Young's modulus estimated by the Oliver-Pharr method is several times higher than that which is suitable. The Pile-up and viscoelasticity are usually at the cause of this failure and an analysis of their influences is attempted in this work. The loading and unloading curve obtained from FE simulation results by the nanoindentation test is then undertaken to complete the work. The various results have enabled to analyze the influence of viscosity on the elastic modulus of the polypropylene matrix. Voir les détails
Mots clés : thermoplastic polymer, Nanoindentation, constitutive behaviour, Finite Elements
Effect of cold rolling on the recrystallization of 904L austenitic stainless steel
The aim of this work is to study the recrystallization in the 904L austenitic stainless steel, which underwent a cold rolling with two different deformation amounts (50 and 90%). DSC tests have been conducted to determine the temperature range of the recrystallization. It was found that reducing the deformation amount slightly delays the recrystallization. The microstructure of the as-received alloy consists of austenitic grains recognized by the twins they contain. The deformation induced a corrugated microstructure with the presence of ribs. The XRD analysis confirmed that only γ phase peaks were present in the as-received alloy and showed that the deformation induced the extinction of γ phase peaks and the apparition of α phase peaks. Voir les détails
Mots clés : recrystallization, 904L, Cold rolling, DSC